äœåºŠãç¹°ãè¿ããã âæ°Žäºãâ
é«ç¥çéŠçŸïŒãã¿ïŒåžåäœå±±ç°çºäžäœã¯æ±æžæä»£ãããã³ãã³å¹²å®³ã«èŠèãããæ°Žäºããçµ¶ããªãã£ããåçºä¹ 次ã®å®äœå «å¹¡å®®å¢å ã«å»ºã€ãæ°æ¹ïŒããïŒå·æ°Žäºãã®ç¢ãã«ã¯ãææ²»æä»£ã«å ¥ã£ãŠãããæ°åºŠã«ããã£ãŠæžæ°Žãšæ°Žäºããèµ·ããããšãèšãããŠãããå°åå²ãç ç©¶ãããéŠçŸå²è«äŒãã®é«ç°ä¿ç¥äŒé·ã¯ããèå°é¢ç©ã«å¯ŸããŠæ°Žç°çæŒçšã®æ°Žã®çµ¶å¯Ÿéãäžè¶³ããŠããããã干害ãåžžæ åããŠãæ°Žå§å©ã¯çäžã®åç©ãšãªã£ãŠããããšããã
1873ïŒææ²»6ïŒå¹Žã®å¹²ã°ã€ã§ã¯ãå °ããã®åæ°Žãå·¡ã£ãŠäœæ°å士ãéãé€ïŒããïŒãæã£ãŠè¡çªãèŠå¯ãåºåããæ°äººã鮿ããã¡æã¡ã®åã«åŠããã3幎åŸã«ã¯ãããªãå¹²ã°ã€ãçºçããåæ°Žå °ã®ç Žå£ã«è³ãæäºã«ãŸã§çºå±ãããèŠå®150人ãåºåããŠæ²éåãããã®ã®ãäœæ°éã®è»èœ¢ã¯æ®ããåæ°Žå °ãå£ãããäœæ°åŽã¯å£ããäœæ°åŽãçžæåã£ãŠãå °ãšå šæ°Žéã®3åã®2ã®åæ°Žã®åŸ©æ§ã»ç¢ºå®ãæ±ããŠè£å€ãèµ·ããããè£å€ã¯å€§å¯©é¢ïŒçŸåšã®æé«è£ïŒãŸã§è¡ããååå蚎ãšãªã£ãã
ããã«ã1893ã94ïŒææ²»26ã27ïŒå¹Žã«ç¶ãããŸã«å€§å¹²ã°ã€ãèµ·ããããŸããäœæ°å士ã®è¡çªãšãªã£ãããå°åã®æåè ãã調åã解決çã®çå®ã«å¥èµ°ãäœæ°ã«ãããããç²ããåºãã£ãŠãããåéå·æ°Žç³»ã®ç©Žå å·ãããã³ãã«ãæã£ãŠæ°æ¹å·ã«æ°ŽãåŒããç«åïŒã»ãïŒã¶å³°çæ°Žãã®å»ºèšã«ä¹ãåºãããšã«ãªã£ãããã®åŸã¯äœæ°ãäžèŽå£çµããŠç·ã女ãå·¥äºã«åå ã4幎è¿ãã®æ³æããããŠå°æ°Žã«ããçããã
éŠçŸå²è«äŒåäŒé·ã®ä»ä¹ ä¿çŽéããã«ããç«åã¶å³°çæ°Žç¢ãã«æ¡å ããŠããã£ããæ°Žäºãã®ç¢ããã»ã©è¿ãæ°æ¹å·æ²¿ãã®ç°ããŒã®äžã«ãããæºã ãšæ°Žã匵ãããç°ããŒã«ä»ä¹ ä¿ããã¯ãæ°Žäºãã§æµè¡ã®æšäºããã£ãããšãªã©æ³åã§ããªããããªæ¯è²ã§ããå 人ããæ°Žãåãåãããã«ããåªåã«ã¯ãæ¬åœã«é ãäžãããŸãããšç®ã现ãã

ç«åã¶å³°çæ°Žç¢ïŒçè
æ®åœ±ïŒ
æ°Žäºãã¯ãå šåœåå°ã§èµ·ããŠãããåèçã®ä¹åä¹éå°åã§ã¯1894ïŒææ²»27ïŒå¹Žãæ å±±å·ã®æ°Žãããã£ãŠäž¡å²žã®èŸ²æ°ãæ¿çªã2äººã®æ»è ãåºãæ²åãšãªã£ããããã¡ããçšæ°Žè·¯ãæŽåãããŠæ°Žãåããããããã«ãªããäžæ¯ãªæŽå²ã¯å¹ãéãããæšªèå çºã«ã¯äº¡ããªã£ãäººãæŒãç¢ã建ãŠãããŠããã
ä¿¡æ¿å·ãäžçã§ã¯æ¥æµ ãæ»ã ïŒããšèšãããå·ã
æ¥æ¬ã®å¹Žééæ°Žéã¯äžçå¹³åã®ã»ãŒåã«ããã1700ããªã¡ãŒãã«ãã«ããããããæžæ°Žãé »çºããã®ã¯ãæ²³å·ãçãæ°Žãäžæ°ã«æµ·ã«æµãåºãŠããŸãããã ãå·ãæµ·ãŸã§å°éããè·é¢ãäžçã«æ¯ã¹ãŠéåžžã«çããæ¥æ¬äžã®é·ãã®ä¿¡æ¿å·ïŒ367ããã¡ãŒãã«ïŒãããäžççã«èŠãã°ãæ¥æµããªã®ã ãå¯å±±çãæµããåžžé¡å¯ºå·ïŒ56ããã¡ãŒãã«ïŒã¯æšé«3000ã¡ãŒãã«ããæµãäžããææ²»æã«ãã®å·ã®å·¥äºã«éããããªã©ã³ã人æåž«ããããã¯å·ã§ã¯ãªããæ»ã ïŒããšå«ãã ãšäŒããã
ããããç¹åŸŽã¯æŽªæ°ŽãåŒãèµ·ããããããæ°Žæµžãã®ç°çãåžè¡å°ã®æ åã¯æžæ°Žã®çéã«æ ãããæ¥æ¬ã®å Žåã衚è£äžäœãšèããã»ãããããåœå亀éçã®ããŒã¿ã«ãããšã婿 ¹å·ã§ã¯æŽªæ°Žã®æã«ã¯å¹³åžžã®æ°Žéã®100åãæšæœå·ã§60åãæ·å·ã§ã30åãæµãããããã«å¯Ÿã欧米ã®å·ã§ã¯ããã³ãã³ãæµãããã ãºå·ã8åããããŠå·ã¯4åããã·ã·ããå·ã ãš3åã«ãããªããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯æ¡éãã®å¢ãã§æ°Žãæµãèœã¡ã倧ããªçªçãéºãã
æ¥æ¬ã¯ããŒãã£ã«ãŠãªãŒã¿ãŒèŒžå ¥å€§åœ
è¿å¹ŽããããŒãã£ã«ãŠãªãŒã¿ãŒïŒä»®æ³æ°ŽïŒããšããèãæ¹ãæ³šç®ãããŠããã飿ãèŒžå ¥ããŠããåœããããããèªåœã§çç£ãããã©ã®ãããã®æ°Žã䜿ãããšã«ãªãããæšç®ãããã®ãç°å¢çãµã€ãã®ãä»®æ³æ°Žèšç®æ©ãã䜿ãã°ã誰ã§ãç°¡æèšç®ã§ããã
1人åã®ã«ã¬ãŒã©ã€ã¹ã¯1095ãªããã«ãç䞌ã¯1889ãªããã«ããããã®ãã¡äœãèŒžå ¥ããŠããããåããã°ãæ¥æ¬ã䜿ã£ãå€åœã®æ°Žã®éãèŠãããšããããã ãè¿å¹Žã®æ¥æ¬ã®é£æèªçµŠçïŒã«ããªãŒããŒã¹ïŒã¯40ïŒ ãåã£ãŠããããã£ããããã°ãç§ãã¡ãæ¥ã é£ã¹ãŠããé£äºãçšæããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªæ°Žã¯ã6å²ä»¥äžãå€åœã«é Œã£ãŠããããšã«ãªãã
ããŒãã£ã«ãŠãªãŒã¿ãŒãç ç©¶ããæ±äº¬å€§åŠã®æ²å€§å¹¹ææã®æå°ã§2005幎ã«ç°å¢çãšNPOæ³äººã»æ¥æ¬æ°Žãã©ãŒã©ã ã詊ç®ãããšãããæ¥æ¬ãèŒžå ¥ããããŒãã£ã«ãŠãªãŒã¿ãŒéã¯å¹Žã«çŽ800åç«æ¹ã¡ãŒãã«ã ã£ããåœå亀éçã®ãæ¥æ¬ã®æ°Žè³æºã®çŸæ³ïŒ2022幎çïŒãã«ãããšãããæ°å幎éã®å šåœã®æ°Žäœ¿çšéã¯åèšã§800åç«æ¹ã¡ãŒãã«ååŸãæ¥æ¬ã¯çŸå®ã«äœ¿ãæ°Žãšã»ãŒåãéã®ä»®æ³ïŒãšã¯ããå®éã«å€åœã§æå ¥ãããïŒæ°ŽãèŒžå ¥ããŠããåå®ã ã
ãæ°Žãè¿ããããè¡ãã€ããåäžåå·ã®ãåãã¡åãã

åäžåå·ïŒçè
æ®åœ±ïŒ
æ¥æ¬æåŸã®æž æµãšç§°ãããé«ç¥ç西éšã®åäžåå·ã«ããæ°Žäºãã¯ãã£ãããæŽ¥è³ãã ããšãäœè³åæ°Žå °ãã®æ€å»éåã§ãããåäžåå·ã®æž æµä¿å šãšæµåæ¯è掻åã«åãçµããåäžåå·è²¡å£ãã®è³æããçµç·¯ãæ¯ãè¿ããã

äœè³åæ°Žå °ïŒçè
æ®åœ±ïŒ

接è³ãã ïŒçè
æ®åœ±ïŒ
äœè³åæ°Žå °ã¯1937å¹ŽãæŽ¥è³ãã ã¯1945幎ã«å®æãããããããæŠäºæã®è»éå·¥å Žåãã®çºé»çšã ã£ããææŠåŸã«å°åäœæ°ã®æèã®é«ãŸãã«äŒŽãããæ°Žãè¿ãããšãã声ãäžããå§ããããã®ãããå °ã®äžæµã«ã¯æ°Žãããããåäžåè°·ããåºãã£ãŠãããæŽ¥è³ãã ã«å¯ŸããŠã¯æ°Žå©æš©æŽæ°ãè¿ãã1989幎ã«åããŠæ€å»ãæ±ããäœæ°éåãå§ãŸã£ããäœè³åæ°Žå °ãå·¡ã£ãŠããæ²¿å²žã®æŒæ°ãã¡ãããå·ãåãæ»ãããã®å£°ãé«ãŸãã2001å¹Žã®æ°Žå©æš©æŽæ°ãèŠéã«1997幎ããããæ€å»éåãèµ·ããã

å°éšã§æ°Žããããäœç°æ²äžæ©ä»è¿ã®åäžåå·ïŒå°åãžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã»ç¬ åé
ä¿æ°æäŸïŒ
ç¹ã«äœè³åæ°Žå °ã¯ãçºé»ããããã®èœå·®ãåŸãããã«å¥æ°Žç³»ã§ããå±±åããã®äŒäžæšå·ã«æ°Žãèœãšããåæ°Žããæ°Žãåäžåå·ã«äºåºŠãšæ»ããªãæ§é ã ã£ããããæŒæ°ãã¯ãæ°Žãåãæ»ãããšå °ã®æ€å»ã蚎ããããããããããã®ãã ãæ€å»ããããæ°Žå©æš©ã¯ãæ¡ä»¶ä»ãåç¶ããšãªã£ããçŸä»£ç掻ã«ã¯é»æ°ãæ¬ ãããªãããšããåæ°Žããæ°Žãé£²çšæ°Žã«ãããã蟲æ¥ãå¶ãã ããã人ãã¡ãå€ãããšãªã©ãèæ ®ãããããã ããããã®éåãæ°Žå©æš©åç¶ã®æ¡ä»¶ãšããŠåã¡åã£ããæ²³å·ç¶ææµéã®ç¢ºä¿ãã¯å€§ããªææã ã£ãã
åœäº€çã®ãæ²³å·ç°å¢èª²æ£åžžæµéæ€èšã®âŒ¿åŒããã«ããã°ãç¶ææµéãšã¯ãâŸéãæŒæ¥ã芳å ãæµâœã®æž æœã®ä¿æã塩害ã®é²âœãæ²³âŒã®éå¡ã®é²âœãæ²³å·ç®¡çæœèšã®ä¿è·ãå°äžâœäœã®ç¶æãæ¯èгã忀ç©ã®âœ£æ¯å°âŒã¯âœ£è²å°ã®ç¶æ³ãâŒãšæ²³å·ãšã®è±ããªè§Šãåãã®ç¢ºä¿çãç·åçã«èæ ®ããç¶æãã¹ãã§ãããšããŠå®ããããæµéãããã£ããããã°ãå·ãå¹²ããã³ãã«å¥åº·ã§ããããæ°Žéã ã
åäžåå·è²¡å£ã®ç¥ç°ä¿®äºåå±é·ã¯ãçºé»äºæ¥è ãæŒæ°ãäœæ°ãæ¬é³ã¯ãã£ãšæ°Žãæ¬²ããã£ããæ²³å·ç¶ææµéã¯ãã®ãªã®ãªã§æ©ã¿å¯ã£ãåè¡¡ç¹ã ã£ãããšè©±ããçã¿ãå«ãããæ°Žã®åãã¡åããã«ä»ãªããªãããæ¬¡ã®æ°Žå©æš©æŽæ°ã¯2031幎4æãä»ã®ç¶ææµéã驿£ãªã®ããä»åŸãç°ããŒãå°æãå«ãæµåå šäœã§èãç¶ããŠãããªããŠã¯ãããŸããã
ãç°ããŒããæã€è²¯æ°Žã®ããã³ã·ã£ã«
ç¢ãåäžåå·ã®äŸãç€ºãæ°Žäºã解決ãžã®ããŒã¯ãŒãã¯ãåãã¡åããã ã£ããã§ã¯ãããŒãã£ã«ãŠãªãŒã¿ãŒã®æ¶è²»ãæžããã€ã€æ°Žã®äžè¶³ãã®ãã®ã«å¯ŸåŠããéã¯ããã®ãããã³ãã¯äžçå¹³åã®åè¿ãéãéšããããæµ·ã«çŽè¡ãããã§ããã ãéžã«çãããå€§èŠæš¡ãã ãé ãã®ãé£ããçŸä»£ãæµ®ãã¶äžã€ã®ããŒã¯ãŒãã¯ãç°ããŒãã§ããã
æ°Žç°ã¯ããšããæ°ŽããããŠããæ©èœãæã£ãŠãããå šåœã®æ°Žç°é¢ç©ã¯2024幎ã§çŽ232äžãã¯ã¿ãŒã«ãæ¥æ¬åŠè¡äŒè°ã®è©Šç®ãªã©ãèžãŸãããšè²¯æ°Žéã¯52åç«æ¹ã¡ãŒãã«ãå¯å±±çã®é»éšãã çŽ35æ¯åãçããŠããèœåããããšãããã
ãã®æ©èœãåäžãããŠæŽªæ°Žé²æ¢ã«åœ¹ç«ãŠãããš2002å¹Žã«æ°æœçæäžåžã§å§ãŸã£ãã®ããç°ããŒãã ãã ã£ããå®äŸ¡ãªè£ 眮ã®èšçœ®ã ãã§å€§èŠæš¡ãªå·¥äºã¯å¿ èŠãªããå¶èŸ²ãžã®åœ±é¿ãã»ãšãã©ãªããšããã
æ°æœå€§åŠèŸ²åŠéšã®åå·å€æš¹ææã®æ€èšŒã«ããã°ãæ°æœå¹³éã§ã®å°å ¥äºäŸã§ã¯100幎ã«äžåºŠã®è±ªéšã§æµžæ°Žé¢ç©ãçŽ30ïŒ ïœ50ïŒ ãæ°Ÿæ¿«æ°Žéã40ïŒ ïœ70ïŒ æžå°ãããããã³ã·ã£ã«ããããšããçµæãåŸããããç°ããŒã«ã¯ã»ãã«å°äžæ°Žæ¶µé€ãåç æµå€±é²æ¢ã®æ©èœãããããã£ããããããéãéšãæ°Ÿæ¿«ãããçããããã§åªããèœåãããããšã¯æããã ã
蟲氎çãããããæ°Žç°ã®æ©èœã«çç®ããŠæ®åã«ä¹ãåºãã2022幎ã«ã¯ããç°ããŒãã ãã®æåŒãããäœã£ãããããããã®æ°Žç°ã¯1970幎ããå§ãŸã£ãæžåæ¿çãšè»¢äœå¥šå±ã§æžå°ãæ¢ãŸããããããŸã§ã«çŽ110äžãã¯ã¿ãŒã«ããªããªã£ããé»éšãã 15ïœ17æ¯åã®è²¯æ°Žå®¹éã®æ¶æ» ã§ãããèªåã®é£æç¢ºä¿ãšæ°Žã®è²¯çã«è²¢ç®ããç°ããŒãæžããããªã©ãšä»åŸäºåºŠãšèããªãããšããåã«é¡ãã
ãããŒåçïŒæ°æ¹å·æ°Žäºãã®ç¢ïŒçè æ®åœ±ïŒ

